A total shoulder replacement, also known as total shoulder arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure designed to relieve pain and restore function in a shoulder joint affected by arthritis, injury, or severe damage. During the surgery, the damaged parts of the shoulder joint are removed and replaced with artificial components, typically made of metal and plastic.

The procedure involves replacing the head of the humerus (the upper arm bone) with a prosthetic ball and replacing the damaged glenoid (the socket part of the shoulder blade) with a new, smooth plastic socket. This replacement helps alleviate pain and allows for improved range of motion and functionality of the shoulder.

Patients typically undergo physical therapy post-surgery to aid recovery, regain strength, and improve mobility. The success of a total shoulder replacement largely depends on proper rehabilitation and adherence to post-operative care guidelines.